Archive for the ‘Religion’ Category

Bible Versus Quran Versus Sciences, (28) the Horse

Posted in Religion on 11/29/2009 08:59 am by admin

Prof.dr. Ibrahim Khalil asked:


The Horses are mentioned in the Bible 175 times and in the Quran three times, i.e., the Bible cites the Horses 58 times more than the Quran does.

Furthermore, the total words of the Bible are 788,280 while the total words of the Quran are 77,473. It follows that, the Bible has the likely of more than 10 times than the Quran word-wise to talk about the Horses. In addition, the Bible has the prospective of more than 58 times than the Quran topic-wise to utter about the Horses.

The Horses in the Bible:

What the Lord says about the Horses?

• I killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured Horses.

• I will destroy your Horses from among you

• I will strike every Horse with panic and its rider with madness

• I will blind all the Horses of the nations.

The LORD will bring a terrible plague on your Horses and donkeys

Kill the Horses, The Lord commanded Joshua and David.

A sword is against Horses.

Exodus 9:3

The hand of the LORD will bring a terrible plague on your livestock in the field—on your Horses and donkeys and camels and on your cattle and sheep and goats.

Joshua 11:6

The LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of them, because by this time tomorrow I will hand all of them over to Israel, slain. You are to hamstring their Horses and burn their chariots.”

Joshua 11:9

Joshua did to them as the LORD had directed: He hamstrung their Horses and burned their chariots.

2 Samuel 8:4

David captured a thousand of his chariots, seven thousand charioteers and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all but a hundred of the chariot Horses.

1 Kings 20:21

The king of Israel advanced and overpowered the Horses and chariots and inflicted heavy losses on the Arameans.

2 Kings 23:11

He removed from the entrance to the temple of the LORD the Horses that the kings of Judah had dedicated to the sun. They were in the court near the room of an official named Nathan-Melech. Josiah then burned the chariots dedicated to the sun.

Jeremiah 50:37

A sword against her Horses and chariots and all the foreigners in her ranks! They will become women. A sword against her treasures! They will be plundered.

Jeremiah 51:21

With you I shatter Horse and rider; with you I shatter chariot and driver,

Amos 4:10

“I sent plagues among you as I did to Egypt. I killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured Horses. I filled your nostrils with the stench of your camps, yet you have not returned to me,” declares the LORD.

Micah 5:10

“In that day,” declares the LORD, “I will destroy your Horses from among you and demolish your chariots.

Habakkuk 3:8

Were you angry with the rivers, O LORD ? Was your wrath against the streams? Did you rage against the sea when you rode with your Horses and your victorious chariots?

Haggai 2:22

I will overturn royal thrones and shatter the power of the foreign kingdoms. I will overthrow chariots and their drivers; Horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother.

Zechariah 12:4

On that day I will strike every Horse with panic and its rider with madness,” declares the LORD. “I will keep a watchful eye over the house of Judah, but I will blind all the Horses of the nations.

Zechariah 14:15

A similar plague will strike the Horses and mules, the camels and donkeys, and all the animals in those camps.

Horses of fire

2 Kings 2:11

“…suddenly a chariot of fire and Horses of fire appeared …”

2 Kings 6:17

“…the hills full of Horses and chariots of fire all around…”

The Horses’ hoofs thundered, trample and seem like flint

Judges 5:22

Then thundered the Horses’ hoofs— galloping, galloping go his mighty steeds.

The Horses’ hoofs seem like flint

Ezekiel 26:11

The hoofs of his Horses will trample all your streets; he will kill your people with the sword, and your strong pillars will fall to the ground.

Isaiah 5:28

“…their Horses’ hoofs seem like flint, their chariot wheels like a whirlwind.”

The Horse has no understanding

Psalm 32:9

Do not be like the Horse or the mule, which have no understanding but must be controlled by bit and bridle or they will not come to you.

This verse contradicts with the concept of the biologists who say that the Horse is an intelligent animal and understands.

The Horse is a vain hope for deliverance

Psalm 33:17

“A Horse is a vain hope for deliverance; despite all its great strength it cannot save.”

When God of Jacob rebuke, the Horse lie still

Psalm 76:6

At your rebuke, O God of Jacob, both Horse and chariot lie still.

His pleasure is not in the Horse, nor in the legs of a man

Psalm 147:10

His pleasure is not in the strength of the Horse, nor his delight in the legs of a man;

A whip for the Horse and a rod for the fools!

Proverbs 26:3

A whip for the Horse, a halter for the donkey, and a rod for the backs of fools!

Slaves on Horseback! Why not?

Ecclesiastes 10:7

I have seen slaves on Horseback, while princes go on foot like slaves.

Where is this land?

Isaiah 2:7

Their land is full of silver and gold; there is no end to their treasures. Their land is full of Horses; there is no end to their chariots.

Discover the Egyptians

Isaiah 31:3

But the Egyptians are men and not God; their Horses are flesh and not spirit.

Moreover, the Egyptians ******** were like those of donkeys and whose emission was like that of Horses (Look at the very clear-cut description).

Ezekiel 23:20

There she lusted after her lovers (the Egyptians), whose ******** were like those of donkeys and whose emission was like that of Horses.

Read my comment at article of Donkey

The Horses are swifter than eagles and leopards

The Horses are fiercer than wolves

Jeremiah 4:13

His Horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us! We are ruined!

Habakkuk 1:8

Their Horses are swifter than leopards, fiercer than wolves at dusk

I will leave these two verses that contradict with sciences for the biologists to interpret them better than me.

At the sound of Horsemen every town takes to flight and they are cruel and without mercy. The sound is like roaring sea or thunder.

Jeremiah 4:29

At the sound of Horsemen and archers every town takes to flight. Some go into the thickets; some climb up among the rocks. All the towns are deserted; no one lives in them.

Jeremiah 50:42

They are armed with bows and spears; they are cruel and without mercy. They sound like the roaring sea as they ride on their Horses;

Revelation 9:9

They had breastplates like breastplates of iron, and the sound of their wings was like the thundering of many Horses and chariots rushing into battle.

The whole valley where dead bodies and ashes

Jeremiah 31:40

The whole valley where dead bodies and ashes are thrown, and all the terraces out to the Kidron Valley on the east as far as the corner of the Horse Gate, will be holy to the LORD. The city will never again be uprooted or demolished.”

How do the Horses look like? Locusts, human, or lions

Jeremiah 51:27

“…Send up Horses like a swarm of locusts.”

Revelation 9:7

“The locusts looked like Horses prepared for battle. On their heads they wore something like crowns of gold, and their faces resembled human faces.”

Joel 2:4

They have the appearance of Horses; they gallop along like cavalry.

Revelation 9:17

The Horses and riders I saw in my vision looked like this: Their breastplates were fiery red, dark blue, and yellow as sulfur. The heads of the Horses resembled the heads of lions, and out of their mouths came fire, smoke and sulfur.

Eat the Horses, The Lord commands

Ezekiel 39:20

At my table you will eat your fill of Horses and riders, mighty men and soldiers of every kind,’ declares the Sovereign LORD.

The Horses trampled the sea

Habakkuk 3:15

You trampled the sea with your Horses, churning the great waters.

The colors of the Horses: red, brown and white, black, fiery red, and pale

Zechariah 1:8

a man riding a red Horse! Behind him were red, brown and white Horses.

Zechariah 6:2

The first chariot had red Horses, the second black,

Zechariah 6:6 dappled Horses

Revelation 6:2 a white Horse

Revelation 6:4

Then another Horse came out, a fiery red one.

Revelation 6:5

When the Lamb opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, “Come!” I looked, and there before me was a black Horse! Its rider was holding a pair of scales in his hand.

Revelation 6:8

I looked, and there before me was a pale Horse! Its rider was named Death, and Hades was following close behind him. They were given power over a fourth of the earth to kill by sword, famine and plague, and by the wild beasts of the earth.

How to make Horses obedient?

James 3:3

When we put bits into the mouths of Horses to make them obey us, we can turn the whole animal.

The power of the Horses was in their mouths and in their tails

Revelation 9:19

The power of the Horses was in their mouths and in their tails; for their tails were like snakes, having heads with which they inflict injury.

Examples of the Mercy:

Blood flowed out of the press, rising as high as the Horses’ bridles

Revelation 14:20

They were trampled in the winepress outside the city, and blood flowed out of the press, rising as high as the Horses’ bridles for a distance of 1,600 stadia.

Revelation 19:11

[The Rider on the White Horse] I saw heaven standing open and there before me was a white Horse, whose rider is called Faithful and True. With justice he judges and makes war.

Revelation 19:14

The armies of heaven were following him, riding on white Horses and dressed in fine linen, white and clean.

Revelation 19:19

Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered together to make war against the rider on the Horse and his army.

Revelation 19:21

The rest of them were killed with the sword that came out of the mouth of the rider on the Horse, and all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.

The Horses in the Quran:

Surah 3:14

Fair in the eyes of men is the love of things they covet: women and sons; heaped-up hoards of gold and silver; Horses branded (for blood and excellence); and (wealth of) cattle and well-tilled land. Such are the possessions of this world’s life; but in nearness to Allah is the best of the goals (to return to).

Allah made man love women, sons, gold, silver; Horses, cattle, and well-tilled land. This meaning of inherited human behavior and tradition is not mentioned in the Bible.

Surah 8:60

Against them make ready your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies, of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may not know, but whom Allah doth know. Whatever ye shall spend in the Cause of Allah, shall be repaid unto you, and ye shall not be treated unjustly.

This is a prophylactic verse to prevent wars between nations.

Be ready with all of your power, and then your enemies will be afraid of you.

No doubt that USA is the first country following this verse.

Surah 16:8

And (He has created) Horses, mules, and donkeys, for you to ride and use for show; and He Creates (other) things of which ye have no knowledge.

Allah Creates what we do not know.

This verse preceded the sciences at any time, now and in the future.

Read my comment at my article about the Donkey.

Back to the main issue of my series of articles; this is my question to you smart readers: “Is the Quran quoted from the Bible”?



 

Bible Versus Quran Versus Sciences, (19) the Birds

Posted in Religion on 10/28/2009 05:45 am by admin
Prof.dr. Ibrahim Khalil asked:


The issues concerning the Birds in the Bible are:1) The Birds are Detestable and intolerable, 2) The Purification of man is achieved by the Birds’ blood, 3) Sparrow and swallow are symbols of the curse, 4) A new method for Education is to ask the birds, 5) Do not revile the king even in your thoughts, or curse the rich in your bedroom” because the birds are spying out on you, and 6) The Birds have four legs, a statement that contradicts with the science.

The issues concerning the Birds in the Quran are: 1)What are the Birds, 2)The Birds and the Famous Prophets (Abraham, Joseph, David, Solomon and the Lord Jesus), 3) The Birds beat a Christian Army, 4) The Birds and the unbelievers and 5)The Birds and the believers in the afterlife.

Upon reading the Birds in Bible versus Quran, the smart just reader can easily answer this dogmatic question:” Is the Quran quoted or borrowed from the Bible?”

Before dealing with the topic of the Birds in Quran versus Bible versus sciences, it is essential to remember that the total words of the Bible are 788,280 while total words of the Quran are 77,473. It follows that, the Bible has the potential of more than 10 times the Quran to talk about the Birds word-wise.

The Birds mentioned 129 times in the Bible and 17 times in the Quran.

The Birds in the Bible:

The Detestable and intolerable Birds

Leviticus 11

13 ” ‘These are the birds you are to detest and not eat because they are detestable: the eagle, the vulture, the black vulture, 14 the red kite, any kind of black kite, 15 any kind of raven, 16 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 17 the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18 the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey, 19 the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.

21 There are, however, some winged creatures that walk on all fours that you may eat: those that have jointed legs for hopping on the ground.

22 Of these you may eat any kind of locust, katydid, cricket or grasshopper.

23 But all other winged creatures that have four legs you are to detest.

24 ” ‘You will make yourselves unclean by these; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening.

25 Whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean till evening.

Clean and unclean Birds:

Leviticus 11:46

” ‘These are the regulations concerning animals, birds, every living thing that moves in the water and every creature that moves about on the ground.

47 You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between living creatures that may be eaten and those that may not be eaten.’ “

Leviticus 20:25

” ‘You must therefore make a distinction between clean and unclean animals and between unclean and clean birds. Do not defile yourselves by any animal or bird or anything that moves along the ground—those which I have set apart as unclean for you.

The Purification of man is achieved by the Birds’ blood.

Leviticus 14:5

Then the priest shall order that one of the birds be killed over fresh water in a clay pot.

Leviticus 14:52

He shall purify the house with the bird’s blood, the fresh water, the live bird, the cedar wood, the hyssop and the scarlet yarn.

Sparrow and swallow are symbols of the curse

Proverbs 26

1 Like snow in summer or rain in harvest,

honor is not fitting for a fool.

2 Like a fluttering sparrow or a darting swallow,

an undeserved curse does not come to rest.

A new method for Education is to ask the birds.

Job 12:7

“But ask the animals, and they will teach you, or the birds of the air, and they will tell you;

Freedom of speech is “Do not revile the king even in your thoughts, or curse the rich in your bedroom”

Why? Because the birds are spying out on you…

What if the king or the rich is evil? Can not we criticize them?

Ecclesiastes 10:20

Do not revile the king even in your thoughts, or curse the rich in your bedroom, because a bird of the air may carry your words, and a bird on the wing may report what you say.

Why the God love is going to do that?

Deuteronomy 28:26

Your carcasses will be food for all the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, and there will be no one to frighten them away.

Jeremiah 15:3

“I will send four kinds of destroyers against them,” declares the LORD, “the sword to kill and the dogs to drag away and the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth to devour and destroy.

Jeremiah 7:33

Then the carcasses of this people will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, and there will be no one to frighten them away.

Zephaniah 1:3

“I will sweep away both men and animals; I will sweep away the birds of the air and the fish of the sea. The wicked will have only heaps of rubble when I cut off man from the face of the earth,” declares the LORD.

Birds with four legs:

This statement is mentioned in Leviticus 11:20

Herein, I will give you the different translations of this verse:

New International Version

“All flying insects that walk on all fours are to be detestable to you.”

King James Version

“All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you.”

New American Standard Bible

“All the winged insects that walk on all fours are detestable to you.”

Darby Translation

“Every winged crawling thing that goeth upon all four shall be an abomination unto you.”

The translation of my Arabic bible is:

“All the birds that walk on all fours are to be detestable to you”.

Can any one show me where in the earth we can find a single bird with four legs. The Bible says there are winged creatures (birds or insects) that go around on all fours. There are no birds that go around on four legs, and all insects have six legs.

This verse contradicts with the sciences.

The Birds in the Quran

Birds are mentioned 17 times in the Quran

The issues concerning the Birds in the Quran are:

1) What are the Birds

2) The Birds and the Famous Prophets (Abraham, Joseph, David, Solomon and the Lord Jesus)

3) The Birds beat a Christian Army

4) The Birds and the unbelievers

5) The Birds in the afterlife.

What are the Birds?

Surah 6:38

“There is not an animal (that lives) on the earth, nor a being that flies on its wings, but (forms part of) communities like you. Nothing have We omitted from the Book, and they (all) shall be gathered to their Lord in the end.”

Surah 16:79

“Do they not look at the birds, held poised in the midst of (the air and) the sky? Nothing holds them up but (the power of) Allah. Verily in this are Signs for those who believe.”

Surah 24:41

“Seest thou not that it is Allah Whose praises all beings in the heavens and on earth do celebrate, and the birds (of the air) with wings outspread? Each one knows its own (mode of) prayer and praise. And Allah knows well all that they do.”

Surah 67:19

“Do they not observe the birds above them, spreading their wings and folding them in? None can uphold them except (Allah) Most Gracious: truly it is He that watches over all things.”

These verses define the Birds and give the following statements:

- The Birds are communities like mankind.

- The flying birds of the air with wings outspreads are among the signs of Allah, The Almighty Creator

- The birds spreading their wings and folding them in are among the signs of Allah, The Almighty Creator.

- It should be emphasized that the Quran never said that there is a detestable bird(s).

Abraham and the Birds:

Surah 2:260

“Behold! Ibrahim said: “My Lord! Show me how Thou givest life to the dead.” He said: “Dost thou not then believe?” He said: “Yea! but to satisfy my own understanding.” He said: “Take four birds; tame them to turn to thee; put a portion of them on every hill, and call to them; they will come to thee, (flying) with speed. Then know that Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise.”

In this verse, Allah showed Abraham how to give life to the DEAD. This meaning is not found in the Bible.

Joseph (The Son of Jacob) and the Birds:

Surah 12:36

Now with him there came into the prison two young men. Said one of them: “I see myself (in a dream) pressing wine.” Said the other: “I see myself (in a dream) carrying bread on my head, and birds are eating thereof.” “Tell us” (they said) “the truth and meaning thereof: for we see thou art one that doth good (to all).”

Surah 12:41

“O my two companions of the prison! as to one of you, he will pour out the wine for his lord to drink: as for the other, he will hang from the cross, and the birds will eat from off his head. (So) hath been decreed that matter whereof ye twain do enquire.”

These are the dreams that have been seen by the two companions of the prison while Joseph was in jail. Joseph interpreted the dreams and told them that one of the two will be freed up to go back to be with the king and the other will hang from the cross, and the birds will eat from off his head.

A similar story is found in the Bible in Genesis 40:19

King David and the Birds:

Surah 34:10

We bestowed Grace aforetime on David from Ourselves: “O ye Mountains! sing ye back the Praises of Allah with him! and ye birds (also)! and We made the iron soft for him;

38:19

And the birds gathered (in assemblies): all with him did turn (to Allah).

The mountains and the Birds were singing back the Praises of Allah with David.

This implication is not found in the Bible.

King Solomon and the Birds:

Surah 21:79

To Solomon We inspired the (right) understanding of the matter: to each (of them) We gave Judgment and Knowledge; it was Our power that made the hills and the birds celebrate Our praises, with David: it was We Who did (all these things).

Surah 27:16

And Solomon was David’s heir. He said: “O ye people! we have been taught the speech of birds and on us has been bestowed (a little) of all things: this is indeed Grace manifest (from Allah.)”

Surah 27:17

And before Solomon were marshaled his hosts, of Jinns and men and birds, and they were all kept in order and ranks.

Surah 27:20

And he took a muster of the Birds; and he said: “Why is it I see not the Hoopoe? Or is he among the absentees?

These verses indicate that:

- Allah made the hills and the birds celebrate Our praises, with David.

- Allah taught Solomon the speech of birds, and bestowed him of all things and his kingdom on the earth has no similar.

- Solomon had an interesting story with the Hoopoe

(Read my article about the Hoopoe in Bible and Quran).

All of these connotations are not found in the Bible.

The Lord Jesus and the Birds:

Surah 3:49

“And (appoint him) a Messenger to the Children of Israel, (with this message): “I have come to you, with a Sign from your Lord, in that I make for you out of clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, and breathe into it, and it becomes a bird by Allah’s leave: and I heal those born blind, and the lepers, and I quicken the dead, by Allah’s leave; and I declare to you what ye eat, and what ye store in your houses. Surely therein is a Sign for you if ye did believe;”

Surah 5:110

“Then will Allah say: “O ‘Jesus the son of Mary! recount My favour to thee and to thy mother. Behold! I strengthened thee with the holy spirit, so that thou didst speak to the people in childhood and in maturity. Behold! I taught thee the Book and Wisdom, the Law and the Gospel. And behold! thou makest out of clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, by My leave, and thou breathest into it, and it becometh a bird by My leave, and thou healest those born blind, and the lepers, by My leave. And behold! thou bringest forth the dead by My leave. And behold! I did restrain the Children of Israel from (violence to) thee when thou didst show them the Clear Signs, and the Unbelievers among them said: `This is nothing but evident magic”.

These two verses designate to two important miracles of the Lord Jesus that Allah gave him and both are not mentioned in the Bible.

The first is that he used to make out of clay the figure of a bird and breathe into it, and it becomes a bird by Allah’s leave

The second is that he talked to the Israelites while he was about one week old.

The Birds beat a Christian Army

Surah 105:1-5

[1] Seest thou not how thy Lord dealt with the Companions of the Elephant?

[2] Did He not make their treacherous plan go astray?

[3] And He sent against them flights of Birds,

[4] Striking them with stones of baked clay.

[5] Then did He make them like an empty field of stalks and straw, (of which the corn) has been eaten up.

At the year of the birth of the Prophet Mohammad, a strong Ethiopian Army went towards Makkah (the city of birth of Mohammad) in order to destroy the Holy Home of ALLAH (the place of pilgrim). The Arabs had no power to fight against that very big and strong army. The Arabs left Makka alone. Allah sent flights of Birds and defended His Holy House. Hundreds of birds which had never been seen before flew towards Makkah. Each bird had 3 little stones. These Birds beat the Ethiopian Army.

That year is called the year of “Elephant” because the Army brought a dozen of elephants in order to destroy the Holy House of Allah.

This story emphasizes the unlimited power of Allah Who can beat any big army with birds or microbes or viruses etc.

Of course, this story is not present in the Bible.

The Birds and the unbelievers

Surah 22:31

“Being true in faith to Allah, and never assigning partners to Him: if anyone assigns partners to Allah, he is as if he had fallen from heaven and been snatched up by birds, or the wind had swooped (like a bird on its prey) and thrown him into a far-distant place.

This is a parable of the unbeliever illustrating his loss.”

The Birds and the believers

The Birds in the afterlife

56:21

“And the flesh of fowls, any that they may desire.”

The believers in the Paradise will eat delicious flesh of fowls; cooked, presented and served according to their desire.

Now, I will let the smart fair reader to answer the dogmatic question:

Is the Quran quoted or borrowed from the Bible?



 

A Whip is for the Horse and a Rod for the Fools in Bible and Quran!

Posted in Religion on 08/25/2009 01:46 pm by admin

Prof.dr. Ibrahim Khalil asked:


The Horses are mentioned in the Bible 175 times and in the Quran three times, i.e., the Bible cites the Horses 58 times more than the Quran does.

Furthermore, the total words of the Bible are 788,280 while the total words of the Quran are 77,473. It follows that, the Bible has the likely of more than 10 times than the Quran word-wise to talk about the Horses. In addition, the Bible has the prospective of more than 58 times than the Quran topic-wise to utter about the Horses.

The Horses in the Bible:

What the Lord says about the Horses?

• I killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured Horses.

• I will destroy your Horses from among you

• I will strike every Horse with panic and its rider with madness

• I will blind all the Horses of the nations.

The LORD will bring a terrible plague on your Horses and donkeys

Kill the Horses, The Lord commanded Joshua and David.

A sword is against Horses.

Exodus 9:3

The hand of the LORD will bring a terrible plague on your livestock in the field—on your Horses and donkeys and camels and on your cattle and sheep and goats.

Joshua 11:6

The LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of them, because by this time tomorrow I will hand all of them over to Israel, slain. You are to hamstring their Horses and burn their chariots.”

Joshua 11:9

Joshua did to them as the LORD had directed: He hamstrung their Horses and burned their chariots.

2 Samuel 8:4

David captured a thousand of his chariots, seven thousand charioteers and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all but a hundred of the chariot Horses.

1 Kings 20:21

The king of Israel advanced and overpowered the Horses and chariots and inflicted heavy losses on the Arameans.

2 Kings 23:11

He removed from the entrance to the temple of the LORD the Horses that the kings of Judah had dedicated to the sun. They were in the court near the room of an official named Nathan-Melech. Josiah then burned the chariots dedicated to the sun.

Jeremiah 50:37

A sword against her Horses and chariots and all the foreigners in her ranks! They will become women. A sword against her treasures! They will be plundered.

Jeremiah 51:21

With you I shatter Horse and rider; with you I shatter chariot and driver,

Amos 4:10

“I sent plagues among you as I did to Egypt. I killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured Horses. I filled your nostrils with the stench of your camps, yet you have not returned to me,” declares the LORD.

Micah 5:10

“In that day,” declares the LORD, “I will destroy your Horses from among you and demolish your chariots.

Habakkuk 3:8

Were you angry with the rivers, O LORD ? Was your wrath against the streams? Did you rage against the sea when you rode with your Horses and your victorious chariots?

Haggai 2:22

I will overturn royal thrones and shatter the power of the foreign kingdoms. I will overthrow chariots and their drivers; Horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother.

Zechariah 12:4

On that day I will strike every Horse with panic and its rider with madness,” declares the LORD. “I will keep a watchful eye over the house of Judah, but I will blind all the Horses of the nations.

Zechariah 14:15

A similar plague will strike the Horses and mules, the camels and donkeys, and all the animals in those camps.

Horses of fire

2 Kings 2:11

“…suddenly a chariot of fire and Horses of fire appeared …”

2 Kings 6:17

“…the hills full of Horses and chariots of fire all around…”

The Horses’ hoofs thundered, trample and seem like flint

Judges 5:22

Then thundered the Horses’ hoofs— galloping, galloping go his mighty steeds.

The Horses’ hoofs seem like flint

Ezekiel 26:11

The hoofs of his Horses will trample all your streets; he will kill your people with the sword, and your strong pillars will fall to the ground.

Isaiah 5:28

“…their Horses’ hoofs seem like flint, their chariot wheels like a whirlwind.”

The Horse has no understanding

Psalm 32:9

Do not be like the Horse or the mule, which have no understanding but must be controlled by bit and bridle or they will not come to you.

This verse contradicts with the concept of the biologists who say that the Horse is an intelligent animal and understands.

The Horse is a vain hope for deliverance

Psalm 33:17

“A Horse is a vain hope for deliverance; despite all its great strength it cannot save.”

When God of Jacob rebuke, the Horse lie still

Psalm 76:6

At your rebuke, O God of Jacob, both Horse and chariot lie still.

His pleasure is not in the Horse, nor in the legs of a man

Psalm 147:10

His pleasure is not in the strength of the Horse, nor his delight in the legs of a man;

A whip for the Horse and a rod for the fools!

Proverbs 26:3

A whip for the Horse, a halter for the donkey, and a rod for the backs of fools!

Slaves on Horseback! Why not?

Ecclesiastes 10:7

I have seen slaves on Horseback, while princes go on foot like slaves.

Where is this land?

Isaiah 2:7

Their land is full of silver and gold; there is no end to their treasures. Their land is full of Horses; there is no end to their chariots.

Discover the Egyptians

Isaiah 31:3

But the Egyptians are men and not God; their Horses are flesh and not spirit.

Moreover, the Egyptians ******** were like those of donkeys and whose emission was like that of Horses (Look at the very clear-cut description).

Ezekiel 23:20

There she lusted after her lovers (the Egyptians), whose ******** were like those of donkeys and whose emission was like that of Horses.

Read my comment at article of Donkey

The Horses are swifter than eagles and leopards

The Horses are fiercer than wolves

Jeremiah 4:13

His Horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us! We are ruined!

Habakkuk 1:8

Their Horses are swifter than leopards, fiercer than wolves at dusk

I will leave these two verses that contradict with sciences for the biologists to interpret them better than me.

At the sound of Horsemen every town takes to flight and they are cruel and without mercy. The sound is like roaring sea or thunder.

Jeremiah 4:29

At the sound of Horsemen and archers every town takes to flight. Some go into the thickets; some climb up among the rocks. All the towns are deserted; no one lives in them.

Jeremiah 50:42

They are armed with bows and spears; they are cruel and without mercy. They sound like the roaring sea as they ride on their Horses;

Revelation 9:9

They had breastplates like breastplates of iron, and the sound of their wings was like the thundering of many Horses and chariots rushing into battle.

The whole valley where dead bodies and ashes

Jeremiah 31:40

The whole valley where dead bodies and ashes are thrown, and all the terraces out to the Kidron Valley on the east as far as the corner of the Horse Gate, will be holy to the LORD. The city will never again be uprooted or demolished.”

How do the Horses look like? Locusts, human, or lions

Jeremiah 51:27

“…Send up Horses like a swarm of locusts.”

Revelation 9:7

“The locusts looked like Horses prepared for battle. On their heads they wore something like crowns of gold, and their faces resembled human faces.”

Joel 2:4

They have the appearance of Horses; they gallop along like cavalry.

Revelation 9:17

The Horses and riders I saw in my vision looked like this: Their breastplates were fiery red, dark blue, and yellow as sulfur. The heads of the Horses resembled the heads of lions, and out of their mouths came fire, smoke and sulfur.

Eat the Horses, The Lord commands

Ezekiel 39:20

At my table you will eat your fill of Horses and riders, mighty men and soldiers of every kind,’ declares the Sovereign LORD.

The Horses trampled the sea

Habakkuk 3:15

You trampled the sea with your Horses, churning the great waters.

The colors of the Horses: red, brown and white, black, fiery red, and pale

Zechariah 1:8

a man riding a red Horse! Behind him were red, brown and white Horses.

Zechariah 6:2

The first chariot had red Horses, the second black,

Zechariah 6:6 dappled Horses

Revelation 6:2 a white Horse

Revelation 6:4

Then another Horse came out, a fiery red one.

Revelation 6:5

When the Lamb opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, “Come!” I looked, and there before me was a black Horse! Its rider was holding a pair of scales in his hand.

Revelation 6:8

I looked, and there before me was a pale Horse! Its rider was named Death, and Hades was following close behind him. They were given power over a fourth of the earth to kill by sword, famine and plague, and by the wild beasts of the earth.

How to make Horses obedient?

James 3:3

When we put bits into the mouths of Horses to make them obey us, we can turn the whole animal.

The power of the Horses was in their mouths and in their tails

Revelation 9:19

The power of the Horses was in their mouths and in their tails; for their tails were like snakes, having heads with which they inflict injury.

Examples of the Mercy:

Blood flowed out of the press, rising as high as the Horses’ bridles

Revelation 14:20

They were trampled in the winepress outside the city, and blood flowed out of the press, rising as high as the Horses’ bridles for a distance of 1,600 stadia.

Revelation 19:11

[The Rider on the White Horse] I saw heaven standing open and there before me was a white Horse, whose rider is called Faithful and True. With justice he judges and makes war.

Revelation 19:14

The armies of heaven were following him, riding on white Horses and dressed in fine linen, white and clean.

Revelation 19:19

Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered together to make war against the rider on the Horse and his army.

Revelation 19:21

The rest of them were killed with the sword that came out of the mouth of the rider on the Horse, and all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.

The Horses in the Quran:

Surah 3:14

Fair in the eyes of men is the love of things they covet: women and sons; heaped-up hoards of gold and silver; Horses branded (for blood and excellence); and (wealth of) cattle and well-tilled land. Such are the possessions of this world’s life; but in nearness to Allah is the best of the goals (to return to).

Allah made man love women, sons, gold, silver; Horses, cattle, and well-tilled land. This meaning of inherited human behavior and tradition is not mentioned in the Bible.

Surah 8:60

Against them make ready your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies, of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may not know, but whom Allah doth know. Whatever ye shall spend in the Cause of Allah, shall be repaid unto you, and ye shall not be treated unjustly.

This is a prophylactic verse to prevent wars between nations.

Be ready with all of your power, and then your enemies will be afraid of you.

No doubt that USA is the first country following this verse.

Surah 16:8

And (He has created) Horses, mules, and donkeys, for you to ride and use for show; and He Creates (other) things of which ye have no knowledge.

Allah Creates what we do not know.

This verse preceded the sciences at any time, now and in the future.

Read my comment at my article about the Donkey.

Back to the main issue of my series of articles; this is my question to you smart readers: “Is the Quran quoted from the Bible”?



 

Sibak Al-khayl (horse Racing) in Islam

Posted in Religion on 07/13/2009 04:27 pm by admin
Ibrahim Machiwala asked:



Horses mules and mules and spread among the military training and more maneuverable than camels it appears from an admixture of arabian horses mules and courageous beast has been told by man on their gold and knights it appears from foreign countries atiq first introduced.


 

A Whip is for the Horse and a Rod for the Fools in Bible and Quran!

Posted in Religion on 10/29/2008 11:51 am by admin

Prof.dr. Ibrahim Khalil asked:


The Horses are mentioned in the Bible 175 times and in the Quran three times, i.e., the Bible cites the Horses 58 times more than the Quran does.

Furthermore, the total words of the Bible are 788,280 while the total words of the Quran are 77,473. It follows that, the Bible has the likely of more than 10 times than the Quran word-wise to talk about the Horses. In addition, the Bible has the prospective of more than 58 times than the Quran topic-wise to utter about the Horses.

The Horses in the Bible:

What the Lord says about the Horses?

• I killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured Horses.

• I will destroy your Horses from among you

• I will strike every Horse with panic and its rider with madness

• I will blind all the Horses of the nations.

The LORD will bring a terrible plague on your Horses and donkeys

Kill the Horses, The Lord commanded Joshua and David.

A sword is against Horses.

Exodus 9:3

The hand of the LORD will bring a terrible plague on your livestock in the field—on your Horses and donkeys and camels and on your cattle and sheep and goats.

Joshua 11:6

The LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid of them, because by this time tomorrow I will hand all of them over to Israel, slain. You are to hamstring their Horses and burn their chariots.”

Joshua 11:9

Joshua did to them as the LORD had directed: He hamstrung their Horses and burned their chariots.

2 Samuel 8:4

David captured a thousand of his chariots, seven thousand charioteers and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all but a hundred of the chariot Horses.

1 Kings 20:21

The king of Israel advanced and overpowered the Horses and chariots and inflicted heavy losses on the Arameans.

2 Kings 23:11

He removed from the entrance to the temple of the LORD the Horses that the kings of Judah had dedicated to the sun. They were in the court near the room of an official named Nathan-Melech. Josiah then burned the chariots dedicated to the sun.

Jeremiah 50:37

A sword against her Horses and chariots and all the foreigners in her ranks! They will become women. A sword against her treasures! They will be plundered.

Jeremiah 51:21

With you I shatter Horse and rider; with you I shatter chariot and driver,

Amos 4:10

“I sent plagues among you as I did to Egypt. I killed your young men with the sword, along with your captured Horses. I filled your nostrils with the stench of your camps, yet you have not returned to me,” declares the LORD.

Micah 5:10

“In that day,” declares the LORD, “I will destroy your Horses from among you and demolish your chariots.

Habakkuk 3:8

Were you angry with the rivers, O LORD ? Was your wrath against the streams? Did you rage against the sea when you rode with your Horses and your victorious chariots?

Haggai 2:22

I will overturn royal thrones and shatter the power of the foreign kingdoms. I will overthrow chariots and their drivers; Horses and their riders will fall, each by the sword of his brother.

Zechariah 12:4

On that day I will strike every Horse with panic and its rider with madness,” declares the LORD. “I will keep a watchful eye over the house of Judah, but I will blind all the Horses of the nations.

Zechariah 14:15

A similar plague will strike the Horses and mules, the camels and donkeys, and all the animals in those camps.

Horses of fire

2 Kings 2:11

“…suddenly a chariot of fire and Horses of fire appeared …”

2 Kings 6:17

“…the hills full of Horses and chariots of fire all around…”

The Horses’ hoofs thundered, trample and seem like flint

Judges 5:22

Then thundered the Horses’ hoofs— galloping, galloping go his mighty steeds.

The Horses’ hoofs seem like flint

Ezekiel 26:11

The hoofs of his Horses will trample all your streets; he will kill your people with the sword, and your strong pillars will fall to the ground.

Isaiah 5:28

“…their Horses’ hoofs seem like flint, their chariot wheels like a whirlwind.”

The Horse has no understanding

Psalm 32:9

Do not be like the Horse or the mule, which have no understanding but must be controlled by bit and bridle or they will not come to you.

This verse contradicts with the concept of the biologists who say that the Horse is an intelligent animal and understands.

The Horse is a vain hope for deliverance

Psalm 33:17

“A Horse is a vain hope for deliverance; despite all its great strength it cannot save.”

When God of Jacob rebuke, the Horse lie still

Psalm 76:6

At your rebuke, O God of Jacob, both Horse and chariot lie still.

His pleasure is not in the Horse, nor in the legs of a man

Psalm 147:10

His pleasure is not in the strength of the Horse, nor his delight in the legs of a man;

A whip for the Horse and a rod for the fools!

Proverbs 26:3

A whip for the Horse, a halter for the donkey, and a rod for the backs of fools!

Slaves on Horseback! Why not?

Ecclesiastes 10:7

I have seen slaves on Horseback, while princes go on foot like slaves.

Where is this land?

Isaiah 2:7

Their land is full of silver and gold; there is no end to their treasures. Their land is full of Horses; there is no end to their chariots.

Discover the Egyptians

Isaiah 31:3

But the Egyptians are men and not God; their Horses are flesh and not spirit.

Moreover, the Egyptians ******** were like those of donkeys and whose emission was like that of Horses (Look at the very clear-cut description).

Ezekiel 23:20

There she lusted after her lovers (the Egyptians), whose ******** were like those of donkeys and whose emission was like that of Horses.

Read my comment at article of Donkey

The Horses are swifter than eagles and leopards

The Horses are fiercer than wolves

Jeremiah 4:13

His Horses are swifter than eagles. Woe to us! We are ruined!

Habakkuk 1:8

Their Horses are swifter than leopards, fiercer than wolves at dusk

I will leave these two verses that contradict with sciences for the biologists to interpret them better than me.

At the sound of Horsemen every town takes to flight and they are cruel and without mercy. The sound is like roaring sea or thunder.

Jeremiah 4:29

At the sound of Horsemen and archers every town takes to flight. Some go into the thickets; some climb up among the rocks. All the towns are deserted; no one lives in them.

Jeremiah 50:42

They are armed with bows and spears; they are cruel and without mercy. They sound like the roaring sea as they ride on their Horses;

Revelation 9:9

They had breastplates like breastplates of iron, and the sound of their wings was like the thundering of many Horses and chariots rushing into battle.

The whole valley where dead bodies and ashes

Jeremiah 31:40

The whole valley where dead bodies and ashes are thrown, and all the terraces out to the Kidron Valley on the east as far as the corner of the Horse Gate, will be holy to the LORD. The city will never again be uprooted or demolished.”

How do the Horses look like? Locusts, human, or lions

Jeremiah 51:27

“…Send up Horses like a swarm of locusts.”

Revelation 9:7

“The locusts looked like Horses prepared for battle. On their heads they wore something like crowns of gold, and their faces resembled human faces.”

Joel 2:4

They have the appearance of Horses; they gallop along like cavalry.

Revelation 9:17

The Horses and riders I saw in my vision looked like this: Their breastplates were fiery red, dark blue, and yellow as sulfur. The heads of the Horses resembled the heads of lions, and out of their mouths came fire, smoke and sulfur.

Eat the Horses, The Lord commands

Ezekiel 39:20

At my table you will eat your fill of Horses and riders, mighty men and soldiers of every kind,’ declares the Sovereign LORD.

The Horses trampled the sea

Habakkuk 3:15

You trampled the sea with your Horses, churning the great waters.

The colors of the Horses: red, brown and white, black, fiery red, and pale

Zechariah 1:8

a man riding a red Horse! Behind him were red, brown and white Horses.

Zechariah 6:2

The first chariot had red Horses, the second black,

Zechariah 6:6 dappled Horses

Revelation 6:2 a white Horse

Revelation 6:4

Then another Horse came out, a fiery red one.

Revelation 6:5

When the Lamb opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, “Come!” I looked, and there before me was a black Horse! Its rider was holding a pair of scales in his hand.

Revelation 6:8

I looked, and there before me was a pale Horse! Its rider was named Death, and Hades was following close behind him. They were given power over a fourth of the earth to kill by sword, famine and plague, and by the wild beasts of the earth.

How to make Horses obedient?

James 3:3

When we put bits into the mouths of Horses to make them obey us, we can turn the whole animal.

The power of the Horses was in their mouths and in their tails

Revelation 9:19

The power of the Horses was in their mouths and in their tails; for their tails were like snakes, having heads with which they inflict injury.

Examples of the Mercy:

Blood flowed out of the press, rising as high as the Horses’ bridles

Revelation 14:20

They were trampled in the winepress outside the city, and blood flowed out of the press, rising as high as the Horses’ bridles for a distance of 1,600 stadia.

Revelation 19:11

[The Rider on the White Horse] I saw heaven standing open and there before me was a white Horse, whose rider is called Faithful and True. With justice he judges and makes war.

Revelation 19:14

The armies of heaven were following him, riding on white Horses and dressed in fine linen, white and clean.

Revelation 19:19

Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered together to make war against the rider on the Horse and his army.

Revelation 19:21

The rest of them were killed with the sword that came out of the mouth of the rider on the Horse, and all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.

The Horses in the Quran:

Surah 3:14

Fair in the eyes of men is the love of things they covet: women and sons; heaped-up hoards of gold and silver; Horses branded (for blood and excellence); and (wealth of) cattle and well-tilled land. Such are the possessions of this world’s life; but in nearness to Allah is the best of the goals (to return to).

Allah made man love women, sons, gold, silver; Horses, cattle, and well-tilled land. This meaning of inherited human behavior and tradition is not mentioned in the Bible.

Surah 8:60

Against them make ready your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies, of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may not know, but whom Allah doth know. Whatever ye shall spend in the Cause of Allah, shall be repaid unto you, and ye shall not be treated unjustly.

This is a prophylactic verse to prevent wars between nations.

Be ready with all of your power, and then your enemies will be afraid of you.

No doubt that USA is the first country following this verse.

Surah 16:8

And (He has created) Horses, mules, and donkeys, for you to ride and use for show; and He Creates (other) things of which ye have no knowledge.

Allah Creates what we do not know.

This verse preceded the sciences at any time, now and in the future.

Read my comment at my article about the Donkey.

Back to the main issue of my series of articles; this is my question to you smart readers: “Is the Quran quoted from the Bible”?



 

Sibak Al-khayl (horse Racing) in Islam

Posted in Religion on 10/13/2008 04:37 am by admin
horses
Ibrahim Machiwala asked:


Horse is an important and valuable member of the mammalia. Among the earliest evidence of the importance of the horse to human culture are the unearthed wall paintings in the caves of Lascaux, in southern France, dating around 30,000 B.C. The horse first became useful in welfare sometimes before 1500 B.C. when Mesopotamian people began to use horses to pull their chariots. There is however a question rose by Canon Taylor in his Origin of the Aryans (p.161), whether the horse was at first used for drawing chariots or for riding. He, and William Ridgeway (Academy of 3rd January, 1891) says that, “At first the horse was very small and incapable of carrying man and that it was after generations of domestication under careful feeding and breeding that the horse became of sufficient size to carry man on his back with ease.” According to Max Muller, it appears from the Vedas that, in India, it was used both for chariot-driving and riding.

The thoroughbred racehorse, whose remote ancestor, Eohippus, was a small, hoofed quadruped about the size of a fox, is the most beautiful animal bred by man. By a careful process of selection through the race-course test over a period of two hundred and fifty years, a noble and courageous beast has been fashioned in the hands of skilled breeders, from an original blend of the imported, pure-bred Arabian, and so called Turkish or Barbary sires, and the English hybrid mares existing in Europe at the end of 17th century.

The earliest dates for horse-racing have not yet been confirmed. Such contests were however held in Babylonian, Syria and Egypt. Clay tablets excavated in Cappadocia in Asia Minor, written in 1400 B.C. reveal on the training of horses for racing. The four horse chariot races were introduced into Olympic Games of Greece in 23rd Olympiad, or about 664 B.C. It was 33rd Olympiad that the race for mounted horses was first introduced about 624 B.C., and the first race for saddled horses was held in the games of 564 B.C.

Horse-racing is derived from warfare, chariot racing, and the chase, and it is not without significance that, at the time of the Roman occupation of Britain, Queen Boadicea and her people, the tribe of the Iceni, lived on Newmarket Heath and that their gold and silver coins were stamped on the reverse side with the effigy of a horse. The earliest horse-race in England, of which a record still exists, took place at Netherby in Yorkshire in about A.D. 210 between Arabian steeds brought to Europe by the Roman Emperor Septimus Severus Alexander, who made special arrangements for the shelter and training of these delicate horses. In the reign of King Richard I, the horse race became a fashionable pastime for the barons and knights. It was not until the reign of King Henry VIII that the first race-course was officially established on the Roodee at Chester in 1540, and an annual prize first instituted, which took the form of a silver bell; and moreover this monarch did much to improve the royal studs and the breed of the horse in general throughout the country.

The Arabian is regarded as the oldest pure breed, but its exact origins remain unproven for lack of scientific evidence. Antique sculpture and ancient rock drawings depicting horses of Arabian appearance found in the Arabian peninsular, as well as wall inscriptions in Egypt, confirm that an Arabian type has existed in the Middle East for well over 3000 years. These Eastern or Oriental, horses are considered to be the taproot stock of all Southern hot-blooded equines, as opposed to the Northern cold-blooded.

As an old pure breed the Arabian is extremely prepotent, and for centuries has been used up-grade, with the result that there is hardly a breed of light horse that does not contain some Arab blood – the most outstanding breed to evolve from Arabian sources is the Thoroughbred. The foundation stock was an admixture of eastern mares and stallions, and Gallowavs and other British horses. Three phenomenal stallions -The Darley Arabian, The Godolphin Arabian and the Byerley Turk – dominated Thoroughbred ancestry, and every Thoroughbred traces in the male line to just these three.

Originally most Arabians were nomadic. With a climate of extremes, scarcity of food, and the hard work expected of horses, it was a cast of survival of the fittest. In the days when the tribes were constantly at war or raids were a regular occurrence, the Arab relied on the speed and endurance of his mount for his very survival. Mares were used for forays against enemies, as stallions could not be relied upon to remain quiet, and the Arabian mare thus became a most treasured possession of their owner.

When fighting the rider carried a lance (which in some Northern tribes could be as much as 6 meters long) and the mare had to be extremely agile, able to stop dead in her stride, spin on her hocks, and dart off again. The mares were kept tethered in the Bedouin camps and sometimes shared a tent with their master. Centuries of living in close proximity with humans have endowed the Arabian with an exceptional ability to form strong companionships with people. It is probable that there were no horses in Arabia prior to the Christian era, and that they are direct descendants of the wild Libyan horse of North Africa, which was domesticated in Egypt. Ridgeway states the kings of Egypt had these horses 1500 years B.C., and they probably came to Arabia through Palestine between the 1st and 6th centuries.

According to Encyclopaedia Americana (14:391), “Horses begin to appear in Arabia in the 1st century B.C., and by the time of (Prophet) Muhammad a distinct and unique type of Arabic horse had evolved.” The Prophet used horses to great effect in the holy wars. They proved faster and more maneuverable than camels. It was the Prophet who directed that horses should be bred by the faithful, so that they would be better prepared to gallop out and spread the Faith of Islam. The order from the Prophet, enshrined in the Koran meant that horse breeding began to spread among the Bedouin and the true Arabian breed began. Historian Ibn Khallikan (3:476) writes that “We know that in the 12000 Berber cavalry who disembarked in Spain under the command of Tariq bin Zihad, there were twelve Arabian horses. Hence the Arabian horses introduced into the West.” Thus, Arab became the home of England’s Derby.

The common Arabic word for horse is faras, whether stallion (fahl) or mare; as a collective al-khayl. The word khayl for horse occurs five times in the Koran. The title and the first verse of Sura 79 (Those that Draw, al-naziat) and Sura 100 (The Runners, al-adiyat) are probably further references to horses. The title of Sura 37 (Those who Dress the Ranks, al-saffat), Sura 51 (Those that Scatter, al-dhariyat) and Sura 77 (Those that are Sent, al-mursalat) may also refer to them as well.

According to the Koran: “By the adiyat that run panting, and those that strike fire dashing” (100:1-2). Most of the commentators suggest the meaning of adiyat as panting horses on the authority of Ibn Abbas.

“And (He created) horses and mules and ***** for you to ride and as zinat” (16:8). The Arabic word zina or zinat means ornament, amusement, or entertainment. Hence, the horses, mules and asses, in which horses are prominent; are meant not only for riding, but breeding and racing.

The tradition has it that the first to ride a horse was Prophet Ismael. Others again claim that the Arab horses are descended from those of Solomon. The latter inherited 1000 horses from David. It is said that the tribe of Azd once came to Solomon and asked for a present, he gave them one of the steeds, to which they gave the name zad al-rakib; from it are descended all the Arab horses.

An ancient race that came to prominence with the rise of Islam. They have bred closely guarded pure strains of hot blooded desert horses for centuries – it is said an Arab can recite the pedigree of his favorite horses going back to 600 A.D. The best horses were never sold and never left Arabia. God is said to have created the horse out of the south wind, and some Arabian horse bear the Prophet’s thumb mark on their neck, where Mohammed was supposed to have touched them

Horse Racing (sibak al-khayl or ijra al-khayl) had been a major sport and a favorite pastime in pre-Islamic Arabia. It was a part of equitation (furusiyya), regarded as essential for military training and also as an object of entertainment for the people from all walks of life. During the Islamic period the breeding, maintenance and training of horses became one of the means of facilitating the prosecution of the holy war. The Prophet regarded horse-breeding as a meritorious calling, and assigned to it a share in the booty obtained on the battle field. This religious sanction fostered a competitive attitude amongst the breeders and encouraged the augmentation of the stock, which suffered considerable depletion in the course of the wars of that time. Cavalry was in fact to become an important factor in the military success of the Muslims.

Kunwar Muhammad Ashraf writes in Life and Conditions of the people of Hindustan (Karachi, 1978, p. 187) that, “Horse-racing was just as popular. It had the additional advantage of the blessings of the Prophet who had prohibited other amusements and gambling in no uncertain terms, but was indulgent towards betting on horse-racing. A regular literature soon sprang up on the study of the habits, the foods, and the nourishment, the care and the training of horses, which does credit to the scientific methods of the age. It is quite reasonable to infer from these facts that the number of pedigree horses was quite large in the studs of the Sultans and the nobles. Special Arab horses were imported for racing purposes from Yamen, Oman, and Fars. Each animal is reported to have cost from one hundred to four thousand tankas.”

It is therefore not surprising that a rich literature came into being which contained information on hippology, horse-breeding, the genealogies of horses and their various categories, on race-courses, horse-racing, farriery and equitation. No other animal evoked from the writers of the time so large a number of literary works, both in prose and in poetry. Ibn Nadim in his famous catalogue of Arabic books, compiled in 377/987, Kitab al-Fihrist (tr. by Bayard Dodge, London, 1970, pp. 80-213), mentions the following works on the horse and on matters relating to it: Kitab al-Khayl by Abu Ubaidah (d. 210/825), Kitab al-Khayl, Kitab khalq al-Faras and Kitab al-Sarj wal-lijam by Asma’i (d. 213/828), Kitab al-Khayl by Ahmed bin Hatim (d. 231/846), Kitab khalq al-Faras by Ibrahim al-Zujaj (d. 310/914), Kitab khayl al-Kabir and Kitab khayl al-Saghir and Kitab al-Sarj wal-lijam by Ibn Durayd (d. 321/925), Kitab al-khayl and Kitab Nasab al-khayl by Mohammad bin Ziyad al-Arabi (d. 231/846), Kitab khalq al-Faras by Abi Thabit, Kitab khalq al-Khayl by Hisham bin Ibrahim al-Kirmani, Kitab khalq al-Faras by Kassim al-Anbari, Kitab al-khayl al-Sawabik by Khawlani, Kitab khalq al-Faras by Washsha (d. 325/930), Kitab al-khayl by Hisham al-Kalbi (d. 207/822), Kitab al-khayl wal-Rihan by Madaini (d. 215/830), Kitab al-Hala’ib wal-Rihan by Ahmed al-Khazzaz (d. 258/871), Kitab al-khayl bi Khatt Ibn al-Kufi by Mohammad bin Habib, Kitab al-Fursan by Abu Khalifa (d. 305/909), Kitab Sifat al-khayl wal Ardiya wa Asmaiha bin Makka wa ma Walaha by Abu al-Ashath, Kitab Akhbar al-Faras wa-Ansabuha by Abul Hasan al-Nassaba, Kitab al-khayl by Qadi al-Ashna’i, Kitab al-khayl by Attabi, Kitab al-khayl by Utabi (d. 228/843), Kitab al-khayl al-Kabir by Ahmed bin Abi Tahir (d. 280/894) and Kitab Jamhara al-Ansab al-Faras by Ibn Khurdadhbih (d. 300/904). Masudi (d. 345/950) in his Muruj al-Dhahab (Paris, 1861, 4:24-5) refers a book, called al-Jala’ib wal Hala’ib by Issa bin Lahi’a, a work which, according to him, included a detailed description of almost every race (halba) of pre-Islamic and Islamic periods.

In the Hidayah (2:432), it is said that horses are of four kinds: 1) Birzaun or Burzun (a heavy draught horse brought from foreign countries). 2) Atiq (a first blood horse of Arabia). 3) Hain (a half-bred horse whose mother is an Arab and father a foreigner), and 4) A half-bred horse whose father is an Arab and whose mother is a foreigner).

Long maydans (hippodromes) were set apart for this purpose in Arabia. According to Hilayat al-Fursan fi Shi’ar al-Shujan (Leiden, 1872, p. 142) by Ibn Hudhayl, “Islam forbade gambling (maisar) but allowed the placing of wagers on archery (nasal), foot-racing (qadam) and horse-racing (hafir)” The Egyptian scholar Isa bin Lahiah (d. 762) is already credited with a book entitled al-Jala’ib wal Hala’ib in which he mentioned every race, where horses were run in pre-Islamic and Islamic times. The work of al-Asma’i, Kitab al-khayl (ed. Haffner, Vienna, 1875) and Kitab al-Sarj of Abu Ubaidah are very rich to provide the relative informations.

According to Fadl al-khayl (p.389) by ad-Dimyati (1217-1306), “Contrary to the hadith of the Prophet which permitted competitions with camel, horse and arrow (khuff, hafir, nasl), some people even contented that racing for stakes was permissible only for horses, as this was what the Arabs of old were accustomed to.” We may also quote what ad-Dimyati has to say in the 5th chapter of his Fadl al-khayl that, “Ibn Banin (1181-1263) has mentioned in his book that the Messenger of God raced horses with garments that had come to him from Yamen as stakes. He gave the winner (sabiq) three, the second horse (musalli) two, the third horse one, the fourth horse one dinar, the fifth horse one dhiram, and the sixth horse a rod (qasabah). He said: “May God bless you and all of you, the winner (sabiq) and the loser (fiskil)”.

Abul Hasan Ahmad bin Yahya bin Jabir al-Baladhuri, Ibn Sad, al-Waqidi, Abd al Muhaymin bin Abbas bin Sahl bin Sad, his father (Abbas), his grandfather (Sahl), who said: “(Once) when the Messenger of God raced horses, I was riding on his az-Zarib. He gave me a Yamenite cloak.”

He (al-Baladhuri) said: I have been told by Muhammad bin Sad, al-Waqidi, Sulayman bin al-Harith, az-Zubayr bin al-Mundhir bin Abi Usayd, who said: “Abu Usayd as-Saidi raced on the Prophet’s horse Lizaz, and he gave him a Yemenite garment.”

Al- Khuttali reports in his book a tradition of Ibn Lahiah, Bakr bin Amr, Ibrahim bin Muslim, Abu Alqamah, the client of the Banu Hashim (stating) that the Messenger of God had ordered the horses to be raced, and he put up as prizes for them (sabbaqaha) three bunches of dates from three palm trees. He gave one bunch to the winner, one to the second horse, and one to the third horse. They were fresh dates.” (vide Fadl al-Khayl by ad-Dimyati)

According to Dar-Qutni (2:552), “Sanjah was another horse the Prophet used to ride on. Once it was made to have a race. It won and the Prophet was much delig